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CFIA Recalls Infant Formula Over Botulism Concerns

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Canada issues recall of ByHeart infant formula over potential botulism contamination. CFIA urges parents to stop using affected products immediately.

Infant Formula Recalled Over Botulism Risk, CFIA Warns

Federal Warning to Parents

The Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) is urging parents across Canada to stop using specific ByHeart Whole Nutrition Infant Formula products after authorities determined they may be contaminated with Clostridium botulinum, the bacteria that causes botulism. The agency issued the national warning as part of an ongoing food safety investigation.

Products Involved in the Recall

The recall covers ByHeart’s 680-gram and 238-gram infant formula packages sold online. According to CFIA, all unexpired “Use By” codes are affected. Officials stressed that the products should not be consumed, served, used, sold, or distributed under any circumstances due to the potential contamination risk.

Why the Recall Was Issued

Health officials say Clostridium botulinum can cause severe and life-threatening illness, even when contaminated food shows no signs of spoilage. The decision to initiate the recall followed concerns that affected batches may contain bacterial spores capable of producing botulinum toxin, one of the most dangerous known toxins.

Potential Health Impact

Botulism symptoms in adults may include facial paralysis, fixed pupils, drooping eyelids, blurred or double vision, difficulty swallowing, impaired speech, and changes in voice. Children and infants may exhibit slurred speech, difficulty swallowing, muscle weakness, and paralysis. The illness does not cause fever, which can delay detection, and can be fatal if untreated.

What Consumers Should Do Now

The CFIA is advising consumers to check their homes for the affected formula and dispose of it safely. Anyone who believes they or a child may have become ill after consuming the product should seek immediate medical attention. Early treatment is considered critical for preventing serious complications.

Ongoing Investigation

CFIA officials say the food safety investigation is continuing, and further updates may follow. Additional recall details and safety information are available on the CFIA website, where consumers can track the latest notices and guidance.

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Abbotsford Officer Hurt in Langley Hit-and-Run Crash

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An Abbotsford police officer was injured in a Langley hit-and-run, prompting RCMP to seek witnesses and dashcam footage as the investigation continues.

Abbotsford Officer Hurt in Langley Hit-and-Run Crash

Collision During Evening Patrol

An Abbotsford police officer was injured Friday evening after a hit-and-run crash involving an unmarked police vehicle and a white GMC Canyon pickup truck in Langley. The incident occurred at approximately 7:22 p.m. on Nov. 14 in the 5200 block of 264th Street, where the two vehicles collided during routine on-duty travel.

Suspects Flee the Scene

According to Langley RCMP, the driver and a passenger of the pickup truck fled on foot immediately after the impact. The officer involved sustained minor injuries and was transported to hospital, where they were expected to be released shortly, as confirmed in a late-night update from Cpl. Brett Urano.

Joint Response and Ongoing Search

First responders from Abbotsford Police Department and Langley RCMP attended the scene to assist the injured officer and begin the search for the individuals who fled. Authorities say identifying and locating the occupants of the truck remains a priority to ensure their wellbeing and further the investigation.

Traffic Delays and Road Closures

The crash caused significant delays around 264th Street and Highway 1 as police closed off sections of the road for several hours. Investigators worked to secure the scene, redirect traffic, and gather early evidence related to the collision.

Specialized Investigation Underway

Langley RCMP has taken lead on the case and has brought in the Integrated Collision Analysis and Reconstruction Service (ICARS) to determine the cause of the crash. Officials say the investigation is still in its early stages and may take time as evidence is reviewed and witnesses come forward.

Police Appeal for Dashcam Footage

Investigators are urging anyone who was in the area at the time—particularly drivers with dashcam footage—to contact Langley RCMP. Officers are also seeking anyone with information on the individuals inside the GMC Canyon who has not yet spoken with police.

Residents or witnesses can contact Langley RCMP at 604-532-3200 and reference file number 2025-37451.

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Vatican Returns Indigenous Artifacts to Canada

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Canada will receive 62 Indigenous cultural items from the Vatican on Dec. 6, marking a significant step toward reconciliation and cultural restoration.

Vatican’s Cultural Return Marks Milestone for Indigenous Reconciliation

Historic Decision Announced in Rome

The Vatican confirmed the return of 62 Indigenous cultural objects to Canada following a meeting between Pope Leo XIV and a delegation from the Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops (CCCB). The move stems from years of dialogue involving Church leaders, Indigenous representatives, and Canadian officials aiming to address historic injustices.

Items Set for December Transfer

Among the repatriated pieces is a century-old Inuvialuit kayak once used in beluga and whale hunts. The artifacts, long stored in Vatican Museum vaults, are scheduled to depart Italy and arrive in Montreal on Dec. 6. The shipment includes tools, garments, ceremonial objects and items originating from First Nations, Métis and Inuit communities.

Meaning Behind the Pope’s Gift

The Vatican framed the return as a symbolic gesture of renewed engagement with Indigenous peoples. In a joint statement, the Holy See highlighted the Pope’s intention for the gift to serve as “a concrete sign of dialogue, respect and fraternity,” reflecting commitments made during Pope Francis’s 2022 visit to Canada and subsequent Vatican declarations addressing historical Church roles.

Church Leaders Outline Next Steps

The CCCB stated it will transfer the artifacts to National Indigenous Organizations (NIOs) as soon as possible. These groups will oversee the process of reuniting the objects with their communities of origin. The bishops underscored the importance of safeguarding and preserving each item in accordance with cultural protocols.

Government Support and Logistical Plan

Canadian ambassador to the Holy See Joyce Napier, who played a key role in negotiations, described the announcement as “a historic day.” She confirmed the artifacts will travel in secured crates, flown via Air Canada through Frankfurt before reaching Montreal. From there, they will be transported to the Canadian Museum of History in Gatineau, Que., for condition assessments and origin verification with Indigenous specialists.

Broader Context of Reconciliation

The repatriation follows decades of calls from Indigenous communities seeking the return of sacred and culturally significant objects taken during periods of forced conversion, cultural suppression, and the residential school era. Many items were originally collected for a 1925 Vatican exhibition showcasing “examples of Indigenous life,” often without community consent. Government officials, including Foreign Affairs Minister Anita Anand, welcomed the decision as a meaningful step toward truth and reconciliation.

Ongoing Debate Over Return Framework

While the Vatican emphasizes its “church-to-church” gifting model to avoid establishing legal precedents for international claims, some Indigenous leaders argue for direct community involvement in identifying and reclaiming the artifacts. Several communities have signalled that ceremonies and cultural protocols must occur before the items begin their journeys home.

Significance for Communities Across Canada

The return of these artifacts—including a historic wampum belt from Kanesatake, Cree gloves, and a Gwich’in baby belt—represents an important moment for cultural resurgence. For many communities, the initiative is an opportunity to restore heritage disrupted for generations and strengthen ongoing efforts toward healing.

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Montreal Transit Strike Averted After Last-Minute Deal

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Montreal’s weekend transit shutdown is cancelled after the STM and the drivers’ union reach a late tentative deal, ensuring normal Metro and bus service.

Montreal Transit Shutdown Averted After STM, Union Reach Deal

A Late Agreement That Keeps Montreal Moving

A planned weekend shutdown of Montreal’s bus and Metro network was called off Friday night after the Société de transport de Montréal (STM) and the union representing drivers and Metro operators reached a tentative agreement. The deal was struck around 7 p.m. following seven days of intense negotiations, preventing a second major service disruption in as many weeks.

Stakeholders Confirm Service Will Run Normally

SCFP 1983, representing approximately 4,500 bus drivers, Metro operators and station agents, announced that service will proceed as usual on Saturday and Sunday. The union said its objective was always to secure a negotiated settlement, noting that the agreement will now be presented to members for a vote in accordance with internal procedures.

Officials Cite Compromise and Stability

The STM said the agreement in principle will remain confidential until it is ratified by both its board of directors and the union membership. STM CEO Marie-Claude Léonard acknowledged that the deal includes compromises from all parties while staying within the agency’s financial limits. She added that the resolution avoids another disruptive strike, in line with a request from Montreal’s new mayor, Soraya Martinez Ferrada.

Political Leaders Welcome the Resolution

Mayor Martinez Ferrada publicly praised the “intensive work” done by both sides to reach a deal, emphasizing that the strongest agreements are achieved through negotiation. Quebec Labour Minister Jean Boulet also commended the parties, after earlier efforts to fast-track back-to-work legislation failed due to lack of unanimous political support.

Strike Threat Followed Weeks of Labour Tension

The now-cancelled shutdown had been approved Wednesday by Quebec’s labour tribunal, just hours after maintenance workers ended a month-long strike that had already strained Montreal’s transit operations. The drivers’ union had signalled that talks remained possible, while also attributing the labour conflict to what it described as chronic underfunding by the Legault government.

How the Deal Impacts Riders This Weekend

With the agreement in place, Montrealers can expect full, uninterrupted Metro and bus service throughout the weekend. Further details of the agreement are expected only after formal ratification, marking the next step in efforts to stabilize labour relations within the city’s transit network.

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Trump Breaks Ties With Greene Amid Escalating Feud

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Donald Trump publicly cuts ties with Rep. Marjorie Taylor Greene after months of political rifts, escalating tensions over the Epstein files and GOP direction.

Trump Cuts Ties With Greene as Rift Over GOP Direction Widens

A Public Split That Reshapes MAGA Dynamics

U.S. President Donald Trump has formally severed political ties with Georgia Rep. Marjorie Taylor Greene, a once-reliable MAGA ally, following months of simmering disputes. The break — announced this week through Trump’s social media posts — marks one of the most significant internal fractures yet within the Republican Party’s populist wing. Trump criticized Greene’s recent behaviour, claiming she had shifted ideologically and become increasingly combative.

A Once-Key Ally Faces Sharp Reversal

Greene, previously a central figure in Trump’s “Make America Great Again” movement, had spent years elevating his political agenda, including acting as an informal conduit between Trump and congressional conservatives. Her visibility peaked during the Biden presidency, when she symbolically donned a MAGA hat during the 2024 State of the Union. But her recent attempts to moderate her public image, paired with growing criticism of Republican leadership, reportedly strained relations with Trump.

What Sparked the Final Break

The dispute intensified after Greene posted on X alleging that Trump attacked her after she pressed him to release the Jeffrey Epstein files ahead of next week’s congressional vote. Trump responded by accusing Greene of moving “Far Left” and “complaining constantly.” He further suggested he would support a challenger in her 2026 primary “if the right person runs,” signalling a decisive end to their alliance.

Escalating Tensions Fueled by Internal GOP Battles

Greene’s own disagreements with party leadership have intensified in recent months. She criticized Republicans during the recent government funding standoff and urged the GOP to present a stronger plan for Americans losing health-insurance subsidies. These positions alienated several conservative factions and added to the perception within Trump’s circle that she was drifting away from traditional MAGA priorities.

A Feud Shaped by Elections and Shifting Strategies

The fallout comes shortly after off-cycle elections in New Jersey and Virginia, where concerns about affordability boosted Democratic candidates. Trump and Greene traded public jabs over competing priorities, with Greene arguing the administration’s focus on foreign affairs was overshadowing domestic economic issues. Trump countered that her recent conduct suggested she had “lost her way,” pointing to her criticism of his recent diplomatic engagements.

How Greene’s Political Ambitions Complicate the Rift

Greene’s broader political manoeuvring may also have contributed to the rupture. She has declined potential 2028 presidential speculation, refused Senate and governor runs, and positioned herself as independent of both party leadership and Trump. Her high-profile media appearances, including interviews with Bill Maher and ABC’s The View, have led some analysts to suggest she is attempting to build credibility beyond the MAGA base — a shift Trump did not appear willing to tolerate.

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Toronto Ordered Wall Removal Sparks Heritage Fight

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A Toronto couple is in court after being ordered to demolish a nearly finished wall the city previously approved in the Rosedale heritage district.

Toronto Couple Battles City Over Ordered Removal of Approved Wall

How the Approved Project Began

The dispute began in July 2023 when homeowners Michele and Matthew McGrath applied to Toronto’s transportation department for an easement to construct a brick wall, security gates, and related landscaping features around their corner property at Glen Road and Whitney Avenue. The couple received municipal approval that autumn, allowing construction to begin.

Why Heritage Rules Suddenly Applied

Although the permit was issued, the property lies within the North Rosedale Heritage Conservation District, a protected area designated in 2004. According to municipal law expert Alan Preyra, one city division approved the project before heritage planners were aware of it, highlighting what he described as frequent internal communication gaps. Heritage restrictions aim to preserve the district’s streetscape, making new permanent structures subject to strict evaluation.

What Triggered the City’s Reversal

Heritage staff visited the site in November 2024 while work was underway, though records do not indicate what prompted the visit. By January 2025, staff formally instructed the homeowners to stop construction and apply for a heritage permit. Two months later, council escalated the order, directing the couple to remove sections of the nearly completed wall.

How the Homeowners Responded

The couple filed legal action in August 2025, asking the Superior Court of Justice to allow the wall to remain and to order the city to cover legal expenses. In court documents, their lawyer argued that the Ontario Heritage Act does not regulate landscape features such as garden walls. The filings state the wall is in a “near-finished state” and that the sudden reversal has caused significant financial and emotional hardship.

Why the Dispute Deepened

To ensure the structure matched the century-old home, the McGraths sourced wood-fired bricks from a kiln in Philadelphia after visiting 12 Ontario brick mills that could not replicate the historical material. Their lawyer said this process took months and involved considerable cost, further complicating the city’s request to demolish the work.

How the Neighbourhood Reacted

The case drew notable public attention after the couple submitted a heritage permit application in July. Dozens of residents—including figure skater Tessa Virtue and Toronto Maple Leafs defenceman Morgan Rielly—submitted opinions both supporting and opposing the project. At a September meeting, the Toronto Preservation Board rejected the permit, stating the wall created a “physical and visual barrier” inconsistent with the heritage district’s open, park-like character.

Where the Case Stands Now

The matter was discussed at city council this week in a closed session due to confidential legal considerations. City staff, the area councillor, and the neighbourhood residents’ association have declined to comment while the case proceeds. No new court date has been set, leaving the future of the wall—and the city’s internal permitting process—unresolved.

Winnipeg Fire Union Says Staffing Plan Falls Short

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Winnipeg firefighters union says the city’s 2026 staffing plan won’t ease strain, while officials call it an important first step to address growing pressures.

Winnipeg Fire Union Says 2026 Staffing Plan Falls Short

Rising Concerns From Frontline Firefighters

The United Firefighters of Winnipeg says the city’s newly proposed staffing plan for 2026 will not meaningfully reduce strain on the Winnipeg Fire Paramedic Service. The union raised objections Friday after the city released its preliminary budget outlining gradual staffing increases through a resource-pool model.

Details of the City’s New Staffing Strategy

The plan would introduce 10 full-time firefighter equivalents each year, reaching 40 by 2029. These firefighters would not be stationed permanently at a hall but would rotate across the service to fill absences, support training schedules, and lessen overtime reliance—an approach the city says will improve flexibility.

Union Criticism of Limited Staffing Additions

Union vice-president TJ Belluk argued the measure is far too modest to offset ongoing shortages. He said the department needs 30 to 40 new hires annually to significantly reduce overtime, warning that the proposed additions “aren’t going to move the needle much, if at all.” Belluk said the department will continue to face staffing gaps and rising overtime demands under the current approach.

Worsening Budget and Workforce Pressures

The debate comes as the city’s finance committee approved a $3-million over-expenditure for the 2025 fire-paramedic operating budget. A report to the committee cited a surge in Workers Compensation Board claims, increased medical-related costs, and mounting staff absences—all of which require more overtime to maintain required shift strength.

City Officials Cite Mental Health and Workload Strain

Finance committee chair Jeff Browaty said the service continues to face elevated injury claims and short-term illnesses tied to the demands of emergency work. He noted that the city hired provincially funded firefighters in recent years but said it did not meaningfully reduce overtime pressures. Browaty emphasized that the resource-pool model was recommended by the fire department itself.

Mayor Defends Plan as First Step Forward

Mayor Scott Gillingham acknowledged the plan will not solve every staffing challenge but called it an important measure to give the fire chief more flexibility. He said increasing call volumes and the traumatic nature of frontline emergencies have affected workers’ physical and mental health, making additional resources essential.

Wellness Supports Included in the Budget

The preliminary budget also proposes a new wellness clinic for fire-paramedic staff, staffed by nine full-time positions focusing on both physical and mental health. Another 11.5 full-time community paramedic support roles would be added through Shared Health funding. While details of the clinic have not yet been released, union leaders say any strengthened mental-health support would be positive for members.

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Kyiv Hit Hard: Deadly Strikes Escalate War Overnight

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Eight killed and dozens injured as massive Russian strikes hit Kyiv overnight, while a major blast at Novorossiysk port disrupts oil exports and heightens tensions.

Deadly Overnight Assault Leaves Kyiv Reeling

Casualties and Citywide Damage

An intense wave of Russian drones and missiles struck Kyiv early Friday, killing six residents and injuring dozens more across Ukraine’s capital. Local officials reported widespread destruction to apartments, public buildings and key infrastructure as debris from intercepted weapons ignited multiple fires.

Scale and Timing of the Attack

The assault, launched shortly after midnight, was described by Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy as one of the largest on Kyiv since the war began. According to Ukraine’s air force, Russian forces deployed 430 drones and 18 missiles, most of which were shot down before reaching their targets.

Impact on Civilians and Infrastructure

Despite successful air defences, falling debris caused significant damage across nine districts of the capital. Highrises, a school, a medical facility and administrative buildings were among those impacted. Kyiv’s military administration confirmed at least 34 injured, including two children and a pregnant woman. Partial power outages were reported in Kyiv region, Odesa and Donetsk as crews worked to stabilize the grid.

Residents Describe Scenes of Chaos

Eyewitness Accounts From Affected Areas

Flames were visible across several neighbourhoods as residents rushed into the streets, some barefoot, others pulling children from smoke-filled corridors. Anastasia, a 29-year-old Kyiv resident, described the panic as her building was struck:
“You don’t know what to do first—save yourself, your child, or help the people screaming around you,” she said.

Regional Fallout Beyond the Capital

Outside Kyiv, regional officials reported six additional injuries, including a seven-year-old child. In Bila Tserkva, a 55-year-old man was hospitalized with burns following a drone-related fire.

Diplomatic Shockwaves

Among the damaged sites was the Azerbaijani Embassy, struck by debris from an Iskander missile. Azerbaijan condemned the incident and summoned Russia’s ambassador after the blast destroyed part of the compound’s perimeter wall.

Major Disruption at Russia’s Novorossiysk Port

Port Operations Temporarily Halted

Hours after the attacks on Kyiv, a Ukrainian drone strike hit Russia’s Black Sea port of Novorossiysk, causing heavy damage to oil infrastructure. Oil exports—equivalent to 2.2 million barrels per day—were briefly suspended, affecting nearly 2% of global supply, according to industry sources.

Infrastructure and Vessel Damage

Local officials reported that an oil depot, apartment buildings and a docked ship were damaged. Three crew members from the vessel were hospitalized. Fires at the Sheskharis oil terminal were extinguished after large emergency teams worked through the night.

Global Energy and Military Implications

The port strike is one of the largest on Russia’s oil-exporting infrastructure in recent months. Ukraine has intensified pressure on Russian energy assets since August to constrain Moscow’s war funding capabilities. The Caspian Pipeline Consortium paused operations briefly but resumed throughput once the air threat subsided.

Ukraine Responds With Long-Range Strikes

Kyiv’s Counteroffensive Measures

President Zelenskyy confirmed that Ukrainian forces deployed Long Neptune cruise missiles in retaliatory strikes inside Russia overnight. While he did not specify the targets, he said the domestically developed weapons—capable of reaching 1,000 km—were seeing increasing operational success.

Russian Defence Claims

Russia’s Defence Ministry stated that its air defences intercepted 216 Ukrainian drones across multiple regions and Crimea. The claims could not be independently verified.

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Furey Allows Wakeham Access to Churchill River Report

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Furey lifts cabinet confidence to give Premier Wakeham full access to the Churchill River expert panel report for an independent review of the 2041 MOU.

Furey Allows Wakeham Access to Churchill River Report

Request for Critical Energy Document

Newfoundland and Labrador Premier Tony Wakeham publicly sought access on Thursday to the final report of the 2041 Churchill River management expert panel—a document previously protected under cabinet confidence by the former Liberal government. The request comes as Wakeham prepares for an independent review of the new Churchill Falls memorandum of understanding (MOU).

Decision Delivered After Public Appeal

Hours after Wakeham’s open letter, former premier Andrew Furey granted the request. In a letter posted to social media Thursday night, Furey confirmed that Wakeham and his cabinet may now review the report in its entirety. He emphasized that the material should remain confidential due to its long-term implications for Newfoundland and Labrador’s negotiating position.

Origins of the Expert Panel

The expert panel was established in 2022 as a key recommendation of the Muskrat Falls commission of inquiry. Its purpose was to help the provincial government prepare for the expiration of its longstanding contract with Hydro-Québec, originally set to end in 2041. Although a new MOU was negotiated in December 2024, its finalization was anticipated for 2026.

Review and Referendum Planned

Wakeham has stated that before endorsing the new Churchill Falls MOU, he intends to subject it to an independent evaluation and subsequently hold a province-wide referendum. He argued that timely access to the expert panel’s findings is essential as negotiations with Hydro-Québec continue.

Concerns Over Public Disclosure

While granting access, Furey cautioned Wakeham that releasing the report publicly could “materially affect” the province’s position in ongoing or future energy negotiations. The previous government had similarly stated in 2023 that the panel’s work would remain confidential to safeguard Newfoundland and Labrador’s strategic interests.

Composition and Mandate of the Panel

The expert panel included representatives from the Innu Nation, Nunatsiavut Government, and NunatuKavut Community Council, alongside leading energy specialists. Members included N.L. Hydro CEO Jennifer Williams, with former Fortis CEO Karl Smith serving as chair. Their mandate focused on advising the province on maximizing benefits from its Churchill River assets as the 2041 contract horizon approached.

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Freezing Rain to Hit Western Quebec This Weekend

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Environment Canada warns of freezing rain across western Quebec this weekend, with up to 10 mm of precipitation and hazardous travel conditions expected.

Freezing Rain Warning for Western Quebec This Weekend

Weather Alert Issued Ahead of Weekend System

Environment Canada has issued a freezing rain warning for communities across western Quebec as a weekend weather system moves into the region. The alert was released early Saturday in response to incoming precipitation expected to turn icy as temperatures remain below freezing.

Icy Conditions Expected Through Early Sunday

Forecasters predict between five and 10 millimetres of precipitation from Saturday morning until early Sunday. With surface temperatures sitting below 0°C, the moisture is expected to freeze on contact, creating hazardous layers of ice on roads, sidewalks and exposed surfaces.

Risk for Travel Disruptions Across Affected Areas

Authorities say residents should prepare for slippery conditions throughout the weekend. “Pavement, sidewalks and surfaces will become icy and slippery,” Environment Canada noted in its advisory, cautioning that travel could become “locally difficult” as the system intensifies.

Warning Zones Stretch Across Ontario Border Region

The freezing rain warning covers a broad stretch of western Quebec along the Ontario border. The advisory extends north toward areas near Rémigny and reaches eastward to Montebello, encompassing both rural communities and key travel corridors.

Officials Urge Caution as Ice Accumulation Looms

Environment Canada is urging drivers and pedestrians to take precautions, recommending reduced speeds and allowing extra time for travel. Crews are expected to treat major routes as conditions deteriorate, but the agency warns that localized ice buildup may still pose risks.

How Residents Can Prepare for the Weather Shift

Authorities advise residents to monitor updated forecasts, secure outdoor items that may freeze, and plan for potential delays. The weather system is expected to move out by early Sunday, but cold temperatures could leave lingering patches of ice into the following day.

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PBO Flags Budget Risks but Says Fiscal Path Is Sustainable

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Canada’s budget watchdog questions Liberal accounting methods but says the country’s long-term fiscal outlook remains sustainable despite rising deficits.

PBO Challenges Ottawa’s Accounting as Budget Vote Nears

Scrutiny of Government’s Fiscal Claims

Days before MPs vote on the Liberal government’s latest budget, interim Parliamentary Budget Officer (PBO) Jason Jacques has raised concerns about the credibility of Ottawa’s deficit targets. His new report, released Friday, warns there is less than a 10% chance the government will stay within the deficit-to-GDP targets it has set.

Revised View on Long-Term Fiscal Health

The assessment marks a notable shift from Jacques’s earlier warnings last September, when he called federal spending “unsustainable” and “shocking.” The latest analysis now concludes that—even under financial strain—Canada’s fiscal outlook remains sustainable over the long term according to the PBO’s own framework.

Concerns Over Redefined Capital Spending

The report directs its strongest criticism at Finance Canada’s decision to separate capital and operational spending in its deficit reporting. According to the PBO, the government’s definition of capital investments is “overly expansive.”

While Ottawa lists $311 billion in capital spending between 2024-25 and 2029-30, the PBO finds that only $217.3 billion fits the traditional criteria. The watchdog argues that determining what qualifies as capital investment is too subjective under the government’s current approach.

Call for Independent Oversight

Because of the ambiguity, the report urges the federal government to create an independent expert body responsible for defining which federal measures genuinely qualify as capital investments. The PBO notes that Canada’s current interpretation exceeds international standards outlined in the System of National Accounts.

Operational Spending Outlook

Prime Minister Mark Carney has said the revised reporting is meant to clarify for Canadians the difference between borrowing to operate government services and borrowing to invest in long-term infrastructure. The budget also reiterates the commitment to balance day-to-day operational spending within three years.

However, according to the PBO, operational spending could have reached a surplus by 2026-27 had the government not introduced additional measures in the 2024 Fall Economic Statement and the 2025 budget. The new spending now keeps operational finances in deficit until 2028-29, a year later than the government projects.

Deficit Trajectory in Doubt

While the federal government predicts the deficit-to-GDP ratio will peak at 2.5% in 2025-26 and fall to 1.5% by 2029-30, the PBO says there is only a 7.5% chance the deficit ratio will decline each year over that period.

“This suggests it is unlikely that the government’s declining deficit-to-GDP fiscal anchor will be respected,” the report states.

Future Fiscal Stability and Leadership Transition

Despite the short-term risks, the PBO estimates that Canada’s debt burden as a share of GDP will decline over the next 30 years, supporting the view that the government’s long-term fiscal position is sustainable.

Jacques was appointed interim PBO in September for a six-month term. Earlier this week, the government announced it is now searching for a permanent replacement with “tact and discretion,” signaling a forthcoming shift in fiscal oversight leadership.

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CFL Veterans Voice Concerns Over Major Rule Changes

Former CFL players from northern Ontario react to sweeping rule changes that will reshape Canadian football starting next season.

CFL Veterans Voice Concerns Over Major Rule Changes

Tradition Meets Transformation

Former Canadian Football League standouts Rocky DiPietro and Mike Derks are speaking out as the CFL prepares to introduce sweeping rule changes next season. The two northern Ontario natives, both Grey Cup champions with the Hamilton Tiger-Cats, say the adjustments mark one of the most significant shifts in the league’s history.

New Season, New Dimensions

The CFL confirmed that its playing surface will undergo major modifications, including a field shortened by 10 yards and smaller end zones. Goal posts will also move to the back of the end zone, eliminating the long-standing risk of pass attempts colliding with the centre post—an incident DiPietro still remembers from the 1985 Grey Cup. The league says the changes align the Canadian game more closely with U.S. football standards and aim to create a faster, more streamlined experience for viewers.

Concerns Over Game Flow

A new 35-second play clock is also raising eyebrows among former players. DiPietro argues that tightening the time between snaps could reduce the dramatic late-game swings that have long defined the Canadian game. Known for its wide-open style and unpredictable finishes, the CFL has traditionally built excitement around its final three minutes—something DiPietro fears could diminish under the new timing rules.

Identity at Stake

Among the most contentious discussions is the possibility of adopting a four-down system in future seasons—an idea that has been floated but not formally proposed. DiPietro calls the notion “frightening,” insisting that three downs are essential to the identity of Canadian football. He believes that shifting to four downs would erase a core strategic element and blur the distinction between the CFL and its American counterpart.

Perspective from the Trenches

Derks, who also grew up in northern Ontario and spent six seasons protecting Hamilton quarterbacks, shares concerns about the shrinking field and faster tempo. Having played college football in the United States, he says the two games should not be viewed as competitors but as unique experiences. To him, comparing CFL and NFL gameplay is like “comparing apples to oranges,” noting that fans should appreciate the distinct style each league offers.

A Season of Answers Ahead

While both former Tiger-Cats disagree with several of the upcoming changes, they say the true impact will only become clear once the season begins. As the CFL tests a new version of its storied game, players, coaches, and fans will be watching closely to see whether the updates modernize the league—or move it too far from its roots.

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